Hi Steven,
thank you very much for the contribution for the discussion and for the material that you shared with us.
I was running some tests for the fasteners (how to set the correct pre-load) and found measures in the "Run Status Display" with two different units, please see image.
How the custom system units are set to: Length: mm, Mass: kg, Time: sec. I've assumed that the unit for the forces displayed were in mN (N e-3) and I also confirmed that with some tests (in the image setting a load of 500 N and having the result as 5.0e+5). But for Fastener_axial_force the result 2.0255e+4 is probably directly in Newtons because the pre-load that I was inputting was 20 kN (corrected by the formula presented in your pdf).
Am I missing anything?
Best Regards,
Guilherme